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CEOSIMG: Transforming rasters (satellite images, etc) from CEOS format to MiraMon IMG format
Access this help text as a web page: CEOSIMG
Presentation and options
This application reads data from the ETM+ and TM sensors (Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus and Thematic Mapper) of the Landsat satellite in the CEOS format of the European Space Agency (ESA) as specified in the document: LANDSAT ETM+/TM - CEOS/ESA PRODUCTS FORMAT DEFINITION. V2.6. 13-June-2001. TM data from Landsat 5 has also been successfully read.
Information CEOS:
Option 0 shows information about the Landsat scene in files in CEOS format.
Import CEOS to IMG:
Imports of data from the ETM+ and TM sensors of the Landsat satellite from CEOS format to MiraMon IMG format.
It should be noted that the CEOS format may well show variations, specially when data from other sensors different to ETM+/TM is used, so the application could not be able to read these formats. For example, in the case of ETM+ images the application assumes that the data are in the LPGS format. In case of doubts, please contact with the MiraMon team (contacte@miramon.uab.cat).
The images are converted to MiraMon IMG v.4 format, so the different spectral bands are stored in as many IMG files as there are spectral bands in the original image. All the converted IMG files are stored in the same directory, so the user is asked to enter a directory name rather than an output file name for each spectral band. Users has to choose the output format between uncompressed IMG byte or extracompressed IMG byte-RLE. The names of the IMG files that will contain the different spectral bands or channels are assigned according to the following pattern:
orbit&image_date_Nband.img
An example could be: 197031_13062002_1 corresponding to the orbit 197, image 031, taken 13 June 2002 in spectral band 1 (blue). Notes on floating scenes are included below.
The metadata contained in the files that are usually found on an ETM+/TM CD-ROM, like for example the date and hour of acquisition, preprocessing details, etc, are stored in the I.rel file in the same directory where the images are stored. This multiband metadata file distinguishes between the data specific to each band (such as the spectral range covered) from the data common to all bands (like the acquisition date) and those data which relate to both (like for instance the number of columns and rows, which is the same for all the multispectral bands but is usually double for the panchromatic band of ETM+ images).
The different bands are found in the metadata file in the following order:
- First the PAN image (band 8), as it has the highest spatial resolution and is unique in the set. This band is only available in the ETM+ sensor and not TM.
- Then the bands 1-2-3-4 that provide the spectral response in the ranges blue - green - red - near infrared.
- Then the bands 5-7, that provide the response in the shortwave infrared spectral region.
- Finally band 6, corresponding to the thermal infrared that has a resolution of 60 m in ETM+ and 120 m in TM, but is distributed resampled to 30 m. In the case of ETM+ images, sometimes these are distributed with an additional band 9, corresponding to the thermal channel but with a high gain radiometric calibration.
The Universal Geospatial Metadata Manager (GeM+) may be used to make any changes or minor modifications as needed after importing the images.
More information can be consulted at the following reference:
Cristóbal J, Pons X, Serra P (2004) Sobre el uso operativo de Landsat-7 ETM+ en Europa. Revista de Teledetección 21: 55-59. http://www.aet.org.es/revistas/revista21/AET21-11.pdf.
Dialog box of the application
Syntax
Syntax:
- CEOSIMG 0 FolderScene
- CEOSIMG 1 FolderScene OutputDirectory [/CREA_DIR] [/ROW_ORBIT] [/DESPL_X_PAN] [/DESPL_Y_PAN] [/GeographicIdentifierCode] [/TIPUS] [/SING_0]
Options:
- 0:
Get information from the Landsat scene.
- 1:
Import Landsat scene.
Parameters:
- FolderScene
(Folder scene -
Input parameter): Is the name of the folder that contains the DAT_0?.001 files with the images, the LEA_0?.001 files with the headers with additional information, etc. Typically this folder is called "d:\scene1", where "d:" is the CD-ROM unit from where the CD containing the CEOS image is to be imported.
- OutputDirectory
(Output directory -
Output parameter): Is the name of the folder which will hold the transformed images.
Modifiers:
/CREA_DIR
(Create directory)
The program will create a directory called orbit&image_date within the OutputDirectory, so the resulting files will be created in: OutputDirectory\orbit&image_date. (Input parameter) /ROW_ORBIT=
(Orbit row)
Indicates the orbit row in which the image was acquired. This parameter is useful when dealing with a floating scene since CEOS floating scenes give the row as 000. If this parameter is not set when importing a floating scene then the program uses 000 as the orbit file name, but by using this parameter it is possible to set the value, if the user wishes, to the nearest row. (Input parameter) /DESPL_X_PAN=
(X displacement)
Indicates displacement X. In the case of the ETM+ Panchromatic sensor, the X displacement to apply to the LPGS format. If this parameter is not set, the program applies a standard displacement which is shown on the screen and is documented in the comment section on the technical aspects of the metadata. In LPGS images having a processing level 5 (probably Map oriented, for more information consult Cristóbal, Pons and Serra, 2004) we have observed that it could be necessary to indicate a X shift of "-15.75" instead of "+0.25" to achieve a correct coregister among PAN and multispectral bands. (Input parameter) /DESPL_Y_PAN=
(Y displacement)
Indicates displacement Y. In the case of the ETM+ Panchromatic sensor, the Y displacement to apply to the LPGS format. If this parameter is not set, the program applies a standard displacement which is shown on the screen and is documented in the comment section on the technical aspects of the metadata. In LPGS images having a processing level 5 (probably Map oriented, for more information consult Cristóbal, Pons and Serra, 2004) we have observed that it could be necessary to indicate a Y shift of "-15.75" instead of "+0.25" to achieve a correct coregister among PAN and multispectral bands. (Input parameter) /GeographicIdentifierCode=
(Geographic identifier)
Indicates a geographic name to identify the zone, for example "Barcelona municipal area". This name is a complement to the horizontal extent contained in the metadata. (Input parameter) /TIPUS=
(More suitable output format)
In current version, CEOSIMG automatically choose the most suitable output format (typically a compressed byte-RLE). If an uncompressed output file is desired, type /TIPUS=byte. (Input parameter) /SING_0=
(SING_0)
Given that it has been detected that in some images the value 0 can be a background value in the margins as well as a radiometric value applicable in the central body of the image, this parameter is used to control properly this singular fact. It can take 3 values: - 0: Automatic case, where the type Landsat5 will be used for the Landsat platform and TM sensor and the type Landsat7 for the other cases.
- 5: Landsat5 type: It will be forced to consider as NoData values all zeros found on the lateral margins of the image and valid radiometric values all zeros found in central areas. The precise definition of margins is done through the hypothesis that in the first band (blue band) there are not different zeros from NoData and these deduced margins will be applied to all bands. When defining NoData as 255, the valid values of 255 will be saturated to 254, which becomes the maximum available radiometric value. It must be noticed that this scheme does not change the line calibration of the sensor.
- 7: Landsat7 type: Zero (or the corresponding origin NoData value) will represent a NoData value on every region of the image, without double interpretations. As it is noticeable in Cristobal et al. article (2004) this scheme changes the line calibration of the sensor, a fact that MiraMon corrects suitably according to the values presented on CEOS headings, that they are incorrect in this case.
(Input parameter)
